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Paralysis (Stroke) - What is this disease?

Paralysis (Stroke) - What is this disease?

Dr. Prashant Shelar.

You have often heard the phrase, "loss of movement in the limbs." This kind of condition is known as paralysis or stroke. It occurs when a sudden disruption in blood flow affects certain parts of the body, leading to impaired function and a loss of strength in those areas.


Two types of disturbances in the blood vessels responsible for maintaining blood supply to the brain can cause this condition. One is an increase in blood pressure or thickening of the lining of the blood vessels, resulting in reduced flexibility and increased pressure due to age. The affected vessel may rupture, causing blood to flow uncontrollably. If the vessel responsible for blood supply is blocked, it shuts down. The cumulative result of these factors affects the function of the brain, impacting vital activities such as breathing and heart function. In severe cases, it can lead to death. However, increased pressure and the cessation of blood flow can be interrelated, and sometimes, even if blood flow stops, the muscles in the affected area may twitch.


In another scenario, a small clot may block a crucial blood vessel, causing a sudden halt to blood circulation. Sometimes, substances like cholesterol can build up, forming a plaque in the carotid arteries, which supply blood to the brain. If these plaques break off, they can create small clots that may block a blood vessel. This blockage can lead to a sudden stop in blood flow to the associated area of the brain, resulting in the death of nerve tissue.


Dealing with a patient who has experienced a disruption in blood flow in the brain is challenging, but timely intervention and appropriate treatment can benefit those suffering from paralysis due to a stroke. If there is damage to the left side of the brain, the right side of the body may be affected, or vice versa. Sometimes, stroke can be relatively mild, affecting only a part of the body, like the hand or leg. Immediate diagnosis and timely treatment are crucial, as some patients may fully recover with proper rehabilitation.

Rehabilitation for stroke patients often involves physical therapy, avoiding muscle stiffness, massages, and boosting the patient's mental strength. However, complete recovery may not always be possible. Prevention measures, such as controlling diabetes, managing blood pressure, and emotional well-being, are essential in avoiding strokes.Patients with stroke often require extensive care, as they may have difficulty with activities like urination and speaking. Management of such complications is extremely challenging.


When both legs experience weakness simultaneously, it could be indicative of a condition affecting the spinal cord rather than a stroke. The pain experienced by the brain cells affected by this condition is different from the pain felt in the limbs.

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